Telomeres & Longevity

Awani

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This is a Phoenix-thread from the old site.

A telomere is a region of repetitive DNA at the end of chromosomes, which protects the end of the chromosome from destruction. Its name is derived from the Greek nouns telos end and merοs part.
During cell division, the enzymes that duplicate the chromosome and its DNA can't continue their duplication all the way to the end of the chromosome. If cells divided without telomeres, they would lose the end of their chromosomes, and the necessary information it contains.

The telomere is a disposable buffer, which is consumed during cell division and is replenished by an enzyme, the telomerase reverse transcriptase.

This mechanism usually limits cells to a fixed number of divisions, and animal studies suggest that this is responsible for aging on the cellular level and affects lifespan. Telomeres protect a cell's chromosomes from fusing with each other or rearranging. These chromosome abnormalities can lead to cancer, so cells are normally destroyed when telomeres are consumed. Most cancer is the result of cells bypassing this destruction. Biologists speculate that this mechanism is a tradeoff between aging and cancer. - source

deviadah said:
At the tips of the DNA molecule contain a chain of repeating enzymes called telomeres (kinda like the blank leaders on film or the plastic covering on the ends of shoe laces). These telomeres provide a shock-absorbing zone where replication errors will not result in any of the vital DNA sequence being lost. When cells die, due to free radicals, they duplicate and life goes on. But each time a small portion of the DNA molecule is lost and not copied.

This loss is usually to the telomere and it has been noted that as humans grow older these telomeres shorten till eventually they are so short that the losses in replication affect the vital DNA molecule sequence thus preventing the cell from its ability to duplicate, which brings about the aging process.

Only in the germ cells, that are the progenitors of sperm and egg, are the telomeres restored by an enzyme called telomerase making them basically immortal. Also in cancer cells are the telomeres restored and this is the reason why tumours are so deadly, because they can duplicate ad infinitum.

Scientists, like Dr. Jerry Shay and Dr. Woodring Wright, have artificially lengthened the telomeres in cells and the result was a prolonged life the equivalent of an extra hundreds of years of human life. Now it has not yet been fully understood and is in no way a practice, yet, that could safely be applied to a living human being and cause him/her to become practically immortal. What is important to note, though, are the following five points:

1. Eating, and eating wrong, causes excessive amounts of free radicals.
2. Free radicals cause cells to die.
3. When cells die they duplicate.
4. Each time cells duplicate the telomeres in the DNA molecule are shortened.
5. When the telomeres become too short the DNA data is lost and aging is the result followed by death.
Shamshir_Zomorrodnegar said:
...a compound extracted from astragalus root has proven to lengthen telomeres.

here is a thread from another forum on the subject.

[link broken]
Interesting... plants is the cure of all things, I am sure!
Ihib said:
While certain plants will increase the length of the telomeres, prolonging life, I doubt a plant can reorganize the system, allowing the body to restore the telomeres by itself.
 

solomon levi

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[link broken]

Telomeres exist at the ends of DNA strands. I recall something about m-iridium
or m-rhodium capping the ends of DNA. Is there a relation? Can the m-states
prolong life via the telomeres?

Food for thought...

sol
 

Ghislain

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Is the shortening of the telomere cap not a fail safe to
ensure cell senescence leading to cell death. A control
to ensure a balanced reproductive cycle among cells.

Out with the old in with the new so to speak.

By extending the telomere cap could you not encourage
overproduction of cells i.e. cancer?

Ghislain
 

solomon levi

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Not sure. It's all kind of new to me.
It's kind of amazing that we lose 2/3rds of it just from conception to being born.
(I think that's what I understood)

When my dad told me of this, I immediately thought of the m-state comment;
but I don't recall where the source was.

Leo?? Do you know?
 

LeoRetilus

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I have thought about the telomere connection extensively, but I had to leave it as a possibility for how the elixir works because at least at that time I had seen too much evidence in my research to support the function of the cells utilization of oxygen as being the main cause of aging. Studies have actually found that eating less will actually prolong life, and its isn't a function of fasting as much as it is a function that when you digest your food more oxygen is transported to the cells to burn the sugars to release their energy. The same air you breathe to keep you alive is actually killing you as well. So how to control how the cell or mitochondria converts food to energy is the key or how to scavenge that oxygen and remove it from the body. But I consider the subject of aging and cancer and disease to be two different subjects partially if not entirely. From an alchemical point of view darkness breeds disease. And if the pineal gland truely controls the amount of light allowed into the DNA, then the calcification of it will eventually lead to cancer,(the flow of light blocked) as the pineal gland and regulation of circadian rhythms have also been linked to aging, such as the sleep cycle and the production of melatonin and Human growth hormone whose levels also drop off as one ages.

Melatonin

Circadian rhythm

In humans, melatonin is produced by the pineal gland, a gland about the size of a pea, located in the center of the brain but outside the blood-brain barrier. The melatonin signal forms part of the system that regulates the sleep-wake cycle by chemically causing drowsiness and lowering the body temperature, but it is the central nervous system (more specifically, the suprachiasmatic nuclei, SCN) that controls the daily cycle in most components of the paracrine and endocrine systems[26][27] rather than the melatonin signal (as was once postulated).

Infants' melatonin levels become regular in about the third month after birth, with the highest levels measured between midnight and 08:00 (8 AM).[28]


Light dependence

Production of melatonin by the pineal gland is inhibited by light and permitted by darkness. For this reason melatonin has been called "the hormone of darkness" and its onset each evening is called the Dim-Light Melatonin Onset (DLMO). Secretion of melatonin as well as its level in the blood, peaks in the middle of the night, and gradually falls during the second half of the night, with normal variations in timing according to an individual's chronotype.

Until recent history, humans in temperate climates were exposed to only about six hours of daylight in the winter. In the modern world, artificial lighting reduces darkness exposure to typically eight or fewer hours per day all year round. Even low light levels inhibit melatonin production to some extent, but over-illumination can create significant reduction in melatonin production. Since it is principally blue light that suppresses melatonin,[29] wearing glasses that block blue light[30] in the hours before bedtime may avoid melatonin loss. Use of blue-blocking goggles the last hours before bedtime has also been advised for people who need to adjust to an earlier bedtime, as melatonin promotes sleepiness.


Antioxidant

Besides its function as synchronizer of the biological clock, melatonin also exerts a powerful antioxidant activity. The discovery of melatonin as an antioxidant was made in 1993.[31] In many lower life forms, it serves only this purpose.[32] Melatonin is an antioxidant that can easily cross cell membranes and the blood-brain barrier.[6] Melatonin is a direct scavenger of OH, O2−, and NO.[33] Unlike other antioxidants, melatonin does not undergo redox cycling, the ability of a molecule to undergo reduction and oxidation repeatedly. Redox cycling may allow other antioxidants (such as vitamin C) to regain their antioxidant properties. Melatonin, on the other hand, once oxidized, cannot be reduced to its former state because it forms several stable end-products upon reacting with free radicals. Therefore, it has been referred to as a terminal (or suicidal) antioxidant.[34]

Recent research indicates that the first metabolite of melatonin in the melatonin antioxidant pathway may be N(1)-acetyl-N(2)-formyl-5-methoxykynuramine (or AFMK) rather than the common, excreted 6-hydroxymelatonin sulfate. AFMK alone is detectable in unicellular organisms and metazoans. A single AFMK molecule can neutralize up to 10 ROS/RNS (reactive oxygen species/reactive nitrogen species) since many of the products of the reaction/derivatives (including melatonin) are themselves antioxidants. This capacity to absorb free radicals extends at least to the quaternary metabolites of melatonin, a process referred to as "the free radical scavenging cascade". This is not true of other, conventional antioxidants.[32]

In animal models, melatonin has been demonstrated to prevent the damage to DNA by some carcinogens, stopping the mechanism by which they cause cancer.[35] It also has been found to be effective in protecting against brain injury caused by ROS release in experimental hypoxic brain damage in newborn rats.[36] Melatonin's antioxidant activity may reduce damage caused by some types of Parkinson's disease, may play a role in preventing cardiac arrhythmia and may increase longevity; it has been shown to increase the average life span of mice by 20% in some studies.[37][38][39]

Immune system

While it is known that melatonin interacts with the immune system,[40][41] the details of those interactions are unclear. There have been few trials designed to judge the effectiveness of melatonin in disease treatment. Most existing data are based on small, incomplete clinical trials. Any positive immunological effect is thought to result from melatonin acting on high affinity receptors (MT1 and MT2) expressed in immunocompetent cells. In preclinical studies, melatonin may enhance cytokine production,[42] and by doing this counteract acquired immunodeficiences. Some studies also suggest that melatonin might be useful fighting infectious disease[43] including viral, such as HIV, and bacterial infections, and potentially in the treatment of cancer.[44]

Endogenous melatonin in human lymphocytes has been related to interleukin-2 (IL-2) production and to the expression of IL-2 receptor.[45] This suggests that melatonin is involved in the clonal expansion of antigen-stimulated human T lymphocytes. When taken in conjunction with calcium, it is an immunostimulator[citation needed] and is used as an adjuvant in some clinical protocols[citation needed]; conversely, the increased immune system activity may aggravate autoimmune disorders. In rheumatoid arthritis patients, melatonin production has been found increased when compared to age-matched healthy controls.[46]


It is said by the ancient Indians that for every kilo of shilajit consumed will increase your life span by a hundred years, actually here I found the source:

This was presented originally by Ghislain I believe

Shilajit [link broken]

Longevity:

The Caraka states that it enables the user to witness a hundred summers on earth, free from disease and decay. Each tulä weight (7.75 lbs. or 3.5 kilos) of shilajit taken successively, adds a century to the duration of the human life, while ten tulä weight (77.5 lbs. or 35 kilos) measures extend it to a thousand years (Sharma 2000). Enables the user to witness a hundred summers on earth, free from disease and decay. Additional quantities are said to extend lifetime in increments of a century up to one thousand years. (Bhishagratna 1998).
 

Awani

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I wrote on this a while back:

Free Radicals
Free radicals are a toxic byproduct of the body’s metabolism. When food is metabolized it burn oxygen (process called oxidation), which produces free radicals that combine and form toxic molecules that attack and burn everything they touch at a molecular level. They can destroy cell membranes, disrupt bodily processes, reprogram DNA, form mutant cells and more. Mainly free radical damage is the major cause of aging and of all degenerative conditions. In fact around 80 per cent of damage to the body is the result of free radicals. The more difficult the digestion is, like meat, the more oxidation is required to break it down. More oxidation, more free radicals. Free radicals are produced in response to many different everyday things, such as:

Food
All foods subjected to high heat especially animal products made from cows, pigs, lambs, fishes, chickens and other birds, eggs, dairy products, animal fats and proteins, metabolic waste products contained in animal tissues and organs. Refined foods like white sugar, white flour and hydrogenated oils. Preservatives, colorings and other food additives. Leftovers. Tap water.

Pollutions/Radiations
Environmental pollution from chemicals, asbestos, pesticide residues, and other man-made pollutants including the out-gassing of plastic and other synthetics, lack of clean fresh air, smoking, passive smoking, radiation from outside power linesm TV’s, computer monitors and worst of all microwave ovens.

Drugs
Alcohol, chemotherapy, medications, prescriptions and over the counter drugs.

Physical/Psychological
Sunburn and sun exposure through the weakend ozone layer, exposure to excess heat or cold, metabolism, heart disease, strokes, inflammation, stress, non-positive mental states and excessive physical and mental exertion.

Other
Synthetic materials such as polyester, acetate, satin and plastic.​


Antioxidants
But nature has designed it so that the body produces substances called antioxidants, which convert free radicals into harmless molecules. Uric acid is one of the body’s most powerful natural antioxidants. The ability to produce this powerful antioxidant depends on factors such as age, gene inheritance, nutrition and stress. Progreria is a rare disease that affects children. Its effect is an inability to produce metabolic antioxidant enzymes. Therefore a person suffering from this horrible illness age at an extremly accelerated rate where a ten year old child might have same look and feel as a very old person. There are foods that create plenty of antioxidants such as barely, wheat, kamut, chlorella, oat, raw and uncooked foods from the plant kingdom, grape seed, grape skin, pine bark, rosemary and green tea.


Telomeres
At the tips of the DNA molecule contain a chain of repeating enzymes called telomeres (kinda like the blank leaders on film or the plastic covering on the ends of shoe laces). These telomeres provide a shock-absorbing zone where replication errors will not result in any of the vital DNA sequence being lost. When cells die, due to free radicals, they duplicate and life goes on. But each time a small portion of the DNA molecule is lost and not copied.

This loss is usually to the telomere and it has been noted that as humans grow older these telomeres shorten till eventually they are so short that the losses in replication affect the vital DNA molecule sequence thus preventing the cell from its ability to duplicate, which brings about the aging process.

Only in the germ cells, that are the progenitors of sperm and egg, are the telomeres restored by an enzyme called telomerase making them basically immortal. Also in cancer cells are the telomeres restored and this is the reason why tumours are so deadly, because they can duplicate ad infinitum.

Scientists, like Dr. Jerry Shay and Dr. Woodring Wright, have artificially lengthened the telomeres in cells and the result was a prolonged life the equivalent of an extra hundreds of years of human life. Now it has not yet been fully understood and is in no way a practice, yet, that could safely be applied to a living human being and cause him/her to become practically immortal. What is important to note, though, are the following five points:

1. Eating, and eating wrong, causes excessive amounts of free radicals.
2. Free radicals cause cells to die.
3. When cells die they duplicate.
4. Each time cells duplicate the telomeres in the DNA molecule are shortened.
5. When the telomeres become too short the DNA data is lost and aging is the result followed by death.


Calories
All living things require energy to survive, including Homo Sapiens, and this energy is derived from the food that is consumed. The standard measure of heat energy is the calorie. One calorie (kcal) is the amount necessary to heat one gram of water to one degree Ceclsius.
Humans need three types of foods, macronutrients, which are carbonhydrates, proteins and fats (minerals and vitamins are also essential). When the macronutrients are broken down in the digestive system they are transported to the bloodstream that delivers them to cells where they are used for energy. Proteins yield 4 kcal per gram and fats yield 9 kcal per gram.

Since the 1930’s scientists have known that calorie-restricted diets of animals can increase a life span 50 per cent longer than normal. This means that a diet low in calories, but high in nutrients, would extend the length of a persons life and improves his/hers health.


Comte de Saint Germain
There are many men that has been believed to have gained immortality. One that shall be mentioned here, due to his peculiar eating habits, is the Wonderman Comte de Saint Germain who was an adventurer, an alchemist and a diplomat.. His main position in history is in during the 18th century and there are many tales spun about and around him. One of great interest is that he is said to have possessed the Elixir of Life.

Although he never ate or drank in public he had a very strict diet of oatmeal, groats and the white meat of chicken. He had a recipe of a purge made of senna pods and on rare occasions would have some wine. He took great precautions to minimize the wear and tear of the body always trying to avoid getting a cold. When he slept he allegedly stopped the mechanism of the human clock. The physcial decay that occurs unknowingly within the body, like the free radicals spoken of earlier, was probably known by him in some form.


Conclusion
Now if eating is equal death than does this mean we should cease to eat? No, but we should definitly eat less. What then? Perhaphs the Elixir of Life holds some clue. If a potion could be made that held all that is vitally necessary for the functions of the body to keep working is regularly drunk, and if also the person puts himself in a meditating state where he projects and restores his energy to what suits him best then he would not need to consume the same amount of foods as the everyday man. By eating less the process of decay will take longer thus ensuring a greater life span of up to a minimum of double what is considered normal.

In northern China, amongst the mountains, lies a village (Sinhua) where the average life expectancy is 85 years and no case of serious disease have been registered. This is due to the fresh mountain air, the eating of foods with no chemical supplements and the drinking of pure spring water. Around the village over 200 kinds of medicinial plants grow, in ancient woods, which they use as food supplements.

:cool:
 

LeoRetilus

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Nice write up, I think that's essentially what I was trying to say, food does seem to be the biggest factor. I know they say don't eat before you go to bed, but I do , in fact that's when I eat my biggest meal otherwise during the day I eat small meals, just enough to satisfy my hunger a little, maybe that's what the Comte did as well.

Anyways that seems to be the general consensus eat less or limit your caloric intake to foods that will extract the maximum energy out of the smallest portions, that coupled with antioxidants that scavenge the free radicals O2 and NO out of the body. I suspect the Elixir is probably the most potent anti-oxidant, not only that it probably carries with it some degree of quantum time pumping effect.
 

Joshua

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Telomers

I know of two compounds that lengthen telomers.

1. astragaloside IV (this has already has successful human trial)

2. epitalon (a synthetic pineal gland peptide). Mice trials showed 30% lifespan increase and decrease in cancer.

I'm sure there are more. I'd like to know about them.
 

LeoRetilus

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Wow that was hard to find.

Huang Qi [link broken]
 

Awani

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I know they say don't eat before you go to bed, but I do , in fact that's when I eat my biggest meal otherwise during the day I eat small meals, just enough to satisfy my hunger a little, maybe that's what the Comte did as well.
The amount of food it not the important bit, but what you eat. If you eat food that cause the least wear and tear on the telomeres then you can eat more of that than a small piece of steak for instance.

:cool:
 

Brennus

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Hi All

Are there any other substances that can provide longevity other than Resveratrol?

Kind Regards

Brennus
 

Andro

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Are there any other substances that can provide longevity other than Resveratrol?

There are no substances to 'provide longevity'. Nothing can do that.

We all have our pre-set ('appointed') times of departure from the physical.

However, there are many things you can do to keep in good health until that time comes.

This is my personal perspective, of course - but you can check for similar statements in many Alchemical texts.
 

thoth

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There are the reports of lemon balm and the effects it has on longevity such as John Hussey of Sydenham, England, who lived to the age of 116, breakfasted for 50 years on balm tea sweetened with honey. http://www.complete-herbal.com/details/Balm.htm

I suppose one of the obvious things is to avoid the amount of toxins your liver has to process - have a look at https://alchemyforums.com/index.php...e-gallbladder-liver-cleansing-of-stones.2202/

Other than that you'll just have to wait until the day the local supermarket sells bottles of Spiritus Mundi :) :)
 

Brennus

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There are the reports of lemon balm and the effects it has on longevity such as John Hussey of Sydenham, England, who lived to the age of 116, breakfasted for 50 years on balm tea sweetened with honey. http://www.complete-herbal.com/details/Balm.htm

I suppose one of the obvious things is to avoid the amount of toxins your liver has to process - have a look at https://alchemyforums.com/index.php...e-gallbladder-liver-cleansing-of-stones.2202/

Other than that you'll just have to wait until the day the local supermarket sells bottles of Spiritus Mundi :) :)

I found these sites:

[links broken]


It seems nature has provided abundant natural products to slow down the aging process and to extend the life span.
 

Brennus

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Just read some parts of it (it's going to take some time before I've read the whole thread) and it is a very interesting discussion!

Regards

Brennus
 

Nibiru

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Hello Brennus :)

IMO it's a thread worth reading/contemplating more than once.. It's filled with seeds of insights waiting to bloom ;)
 

Brennus

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Hello Brennus :)

IMO it's a thread worth reading/contemplating more than once.. It's filled with seeds of insights waiting to bloom ;)

I've read some of it but it wasn't from start to finnish which is what I'll have to do!
 

zoas23

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The (confirmed) oldest person known smoked during her whole life, ate a wild amount of chocolate every week, wasn't a sport enthusiast... and thinks that olive oil probably made her live a long time (121 years):
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeanne_Calment#Health_and_lifestyle

Not really unusual to find people who smokes, eats a lot of chocolate and uses plenty of olive oil.

Also, looking at this list:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_the_verified_oldest_people

One fact becomes very obvious if you look at the names: more or less a 95% of these persons are women... very few men in that list.
(the other weird fact is that more than a 90% of the people there are either from the USA or Japan... but I assume this has something to do with the "verified" thing, that it was easier to "verify" the age in those countries because of some reason).
 

Awani

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Longevity is all about the state of the mind. Diet can aid, but in the end it is the mind. It is very common for people who retire to start crumbling away, it is because their value to society is gone... their life work is finished. This is the main killer IMO. I have seen it many times.

I have also seen retired people that have creative interests, are still young in spirit... they not only live longer but look younger.

That is why retirement is the biggest lie in society. It is the same lie as religions that promise heaven, the State promise retirement (save up to it, work for it)...

:cool:
 

pneumatician

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Hi All

Are there any other substances that can provide longevity other than Resveratrol?

Kind Regards

Brennus

a chinese man lived around 250 years (not bad) with a combination of herbs. what are these herbs ?

well, you can buy a good pair of boots and walking across the Himalayas searching in monasteries the formula... :)

in others forums you can find info about some herbs of long life...

https://www.occultforum.org/ [forum not what it used to be]

some alchemist have others very easy alternatives... :))

if not alternatives are in magic...
 

Awani

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Occultforums.. that brings back memories... it was the first forum I was ever active on... for a long time... then it was hacked and destroyed... I created this forum and some of my on-line friends created other forums... I never got into the re-boot .org version for some reason... maybe because so many posts were lost in the hack. It used to be the biggest forum on-line with occult lore... anyway a bit OT...

:cool:
 
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Krisztian

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I would think a low calorie but high nutritious diet would be a good start. Eat once a day, or work towards it.

Meditate daily; it helps to preserve your telomeres.

Don't devote your attention to that which arouses your senses from without; it burdens your body's natural rhythm.

Preserve your life force, chi. A practice of Qi-Gong is essential.

Respect the power of words. Don't engage in vulgar language.

Learn the cycles of the Moon; the movement (and influence) of planets. Make alchemical elixirs in accordance with Nature.

Ora et labora. Pray daily so that the good Lord grants you the key to unlocking secret of, the Philosopher's Stone.